All over the world there has been in-depth research into the area of somatic cell nuclear transfer, or for short, cloning. Somatic cell nuclear transfer is a laboratory technique adopted first in 1885 by Hans Adolf Edward Dreisch. The process involves two different cells, the use of an egg from a woman and the use of a somatic cell. A somatic cell is a cell coming from the body and could range from skin, fat and liver etc. The nucleus of the donor egg is removed and discarded leaving it blank or deprogrammed. The nucleus of the somatic cell is then also removed and then is squirted into the enucleated egg cell. The somatic cell is reprogrammed by the host egg cell. The ovum cell is then given a shock to stimulate the cell and it will start to divide. The egg has become viable and capable of producing an adult organism containing the DNA of one parent.
There is a history to the somatic cell nuclear transfer including the hints towards cloning. The first was by Hans Adolf Edward Dreisch in 1885 where he proved, using sea urchins, that each cell in the early embryo has its own complete set of genetic instructions and can grow into a full organism.In 1952 however, the first, successful somatic cell nuclear transfer happened performed by Robert Briggs and and Thomas King. The first mammal however, created by somatic cell nuclear transfer happened in 1996. Ian Wilmut and Keith Campbell created Dolly the sheep via this process. It hasn't taken long for this process to reach a level in today's society where we are starting to apply this technique to humans. They created human embryonic stem cells.
There is a history to the somatic cell nuclear transfer including the hints towards cloning. The first was by Hans Adolf Edward Dreisch in 1885 where he proved, using sea urchins, that each cell in the early embryo has its own complete set of genetic instructions and can grow into a full organism.In 1952 however, the first, successful somatic cell nuclear transfer happened performed by Robert Briggs and and Thomas King. The first mammal however, created by somatic cell nuclear transfer happened in 1996. Ian Wilmut and Keith Campbell created Dolly the sheep via this process. It hasn't taken long for this process to reach a level in today's society where we are starting to apply this technique to humans. They created human embryonic stem cells.